Home Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a critical intervention for managing respiratory failure, a condition where the lungs cannot adequately exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. The primary goal of HMV is to assist the respiratory muscles—particularly the diaphragm—by reducing their workload and improving gas exchange. Modern non-invasive ventilation (NIV) techniques, have significantly improved outcomes for patients with conditions such as neuromuscular disorders and chest wall diseases. NIV works by providing positive pressure support, helping patients breathe more effectively without the need for invasive procedures. Over time, this support not only alleviates muscle strain but also resets the brainstem’s control of breathing, enhancing sensitivity to carbon dioxide and improving long-term respiratory function. Effective ventilation strategies aim to reduce CO₂ levels as much as possible for optimal results. While NIV is often the first-line approach, decisions about long-term care—including tracheostomy ventilation or palliative options—depend on patient needs and resources.
